Marcus Wilson Acheson (June 7, 1828 – June 21, 1906) was a United States federal judge.
Acheson was born in Washington, Pennsylvania. He received a B.A. from Washington College (now Washington & Jefferson College) in 1845. He read law, and was thereafter in private practice of law in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from 1852 to 1880.
Acheson was nominated by President Rutherford B. Hayes on January 6, 1880, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania vacated by Winthrop Ketcham. He was confirmed by the Senate on January 14, 1880, and received his commission that day. Service terminated on February 9, 1891, due to appointment to another judicial position.
Acheson nominated by President Benjamin Harrison on January 23, 1891, to a seat on the United States circuit court for the Third Circuit, vacated by William McKennan. He was confirmed by the Senate on February 3, 1891, and received his commission that day. His service on the circuit court terminated on June 16, 1891, when that court was abolished and replaced by the newly-created United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, to which Acheson was reassigned by operation of law. Service terminated on June 21, 1906, due to death.
He died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.